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考研词汇真题解析
1994年考研词汇真题解析
21.Please do not be ________ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.
[A] disregarded       [B] distorted       [C] irritated       [D] intervened
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:regard表示"考虑",所以(A)disregarded:表示"不理、不顾、漠视"之意。(B) distorted:"弄歪,歪曲"。(C)irritated:"被激怒,恼火"。(D) intervened:意为"介入、插入、干涉",一般为不及物动词,因此不可能有be intervened这种被动语态,可以用intervene with短语。从意思上讲,只能是"被他的坏行为"激怒,不可能为其它意思,因此(C) irritated为正确答案。
22. Craig assured his boss that he would __________ all his energies in doing this new job.
[A] call forth         [B]call at          [C]call on        [D]call off
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:本题考查考生对call这一动词与介(副)词搭配成词组时,词组的不同含义。(A) call forth:"唤起,发挥,使产生, 引起, 使起作用"。(A)与题意吻合,故应选(A)。(B) call at:"访问"。(C)call on :"号召,拜访,探望。"(D) call off :"取消,转移"。此题上下文为:Craig向他的老板保证,在做这项新工作中,他将发挥他所有的能力。
23. Too much ________ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.
[A] disclosure        [B] exhibition      [C] contact        [D] exposure
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) disclosure:close为"关闭"之意, disclose的含义是"揭露, 透露"。(B) exhibition: "展览,表演",一般用于exhibition of ...表示:"……的展览",或on exhibition: "在展览中"。(C)contact:"接触,联系",用于contact with :"同……接触"。(D)exposure :"暴露;揭露;接触",用于词组exposure to : "暴露于……中"。根据上下文及用词搭配,都应该选(D)exposure。
24. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes __________, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.
[A] dim             [B]blank           [C] faint          [D] vain
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)dim:" 昏暗的,模糊的",go dim:指"(脑子)变得混沌不清楚。"(B)blank: "空白的",go blank指"(头脑)变成一片空白",与后面"我几乎记不起来我自己的生日"意思相吻合,故应选(B)。(C)faint : "衰弱的,昏晕的",go faint :一般指"(身体)发晕";(D)vain :"空费的,徒劳的;自负的"。一般不与go搭配,短语in vain是“徒劳的,白白的”。
25. It is well known that knowledge is the _________ condition for expansion of mind.
[A] incompatible      [B] incredible       [C] indefinite      [D] indispensable

正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)incompatible: "不能共存的,不相容的"。(B) incredible:"难以置信的;不可思议的"。(C)indefinite: "含糊的;不明确的"。(D)indispensible:"必不可少的;必需的"。此题目译为:大家都知道,知识是扩充头脑的必不可少的条件。It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。根据上下文判断,(D)是最合适的答案。
26. More than two hundred years ago the United States __________ from the British Empire and became an independent country.
[A] got off           [B] pulled down     [C] broke away    [D] attached to
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:此题目考查词组意义。(A)got off : "下来,出发,动身"。(B)pulled down:"拆毁;拖垮"。(C)broke away(from): "脱离,摆脱",根据上下文,应选(C)。(D)dropped off :"陆续散去,睡着"。
27. Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is ________ loud continuous noise.
[A] subjected to       [B] filled with       [C] associated with [D] dropped off
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)(be)subjected to : "遭受,受到,服从"。 (B)(be ) filled with : "充满了"。(C)(be) associated with: "与……联系在一起"。(D)(be) attached to:"附属于,依恋于"。显然是(A)"遭受到极大的不断的噪声"为最合理。
28. Some of the most important concepts in physics ________their success to these mathematical systems.
[A] oblige            [B]owe            [C]contribute     [D]valuable
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)oblige ...(to do):"强迫……做某事"。Oblige还有“施惠;帮…的忙”的含义,例如:Please oblige me by closing the door.请帮我把门关上。I'm much obliged to you.我非常感谢你帮忙。这一用法是2004年考研英语翻译第62题的一个重要考点。(B)owe ....(to ):"多亏,感谢,把…归功于"。(C)contribute...(to):"献出,把……花费在……",contribute to导致,造成。(D)attribute...(to):"把……归属于……"。显然,(B)为正确答案。这句话的意思为:一些物理学中最重要的概念的成功应该归功于这些数学体系。而不能把物理学中概念的成功"归属于"数学体系。
29. As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something __________ researching into.
[A] precious          [B] worth          [C] worthy        [D] valuable
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) precious:"宝贵的;完全的"。(B)worth:"值得的"。worth后面一般跟动名词表示"值得做某事",并且用主动形式表达被动的含义,而(C)worthy也表示"值得做某事"时,一般的用法是worthy of sth.或worthy to be done。此外,worthy有受人尊敬的意思,这一含义,在2006年考研阅读理解第二篇文章第二段从到了这一含义,“the worthy residents”. (D)valuable:"有价值的,贵重的",比较词义和用法,(B)为最佳答案。
30. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.
[A] relieve            [B] release         [C] dismiss        [D] discard
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) relieve:"减轻, 解除, 援救, 救济"。(B)release:"释放;免除;发行,发布"。(C)dismiss"解散;解雇;消除"。(D)discard:"抛弃,解雇"。此题目意思是:作为对空气污染的防护措施,许多植物和动物释放出一种可以吸收有害化学成分的物质。因此应选择(B)。against是1998年完形填空的43题的考点。
31. Without the friction between their feet and the ground, people would ________ be able to walk.
[A] in no time         [B] by all means     [C] in no way      [D]on any account
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:此题目考查介词和名词搭配的固定词组的含义。(A)in no time:"立即,立刻",=at once.(B)by all means:"务必"。(C)in no way:"不可能"。(D)on any account:“无论如何”,往往用于not on any account"决不"。根据题意(C)是正确答案。
32. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping ________ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.
[A] occasionally       [B] simultaneously   [C] eventually      [D] promptly
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) occasionally:"偶尔,有时"。(B)simultaneously:"同时"=at the same time。(C)eventually"最终,最后",一般放在句首。(D)promptly:"敏捷地,迅速地"。根据上下文,应选择(A)。上下文为:打字的时候,Helen习惯于偶尔停下来梳理她的长而飘逸的头发。
33. One reason for the successes of Asian immigrants in the U.S. is that they have taken great __________ to educate their chidren.
[A] efforts            [B] pains           [C] attempts       [D] endeavours
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) efforts,一般不与take搭配,常用于make efforts:"作出许多努力"。(B)pains:与take搭配,表示"费尽苦心"。(C)attempts:一般也用于make attempts(尝试)这一搭配。(D)emdeavours:一般不与take搭配,而用于do endeavours和make endeavours表示"努力,尽力"。根据词汇搭配和上下文,(B)为最佳答案。
34. If any man here does not agree with me, he should _________ his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.
[A] put on            [B] put out          [C] put in         [D] put forward
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:该题目考查put一词的搭配。(A)put on:"穿上,戴上"。(B)put out:"伸出,解雇;熄灭"。(C)put in:"插入,引入"。(D)put forward:"促进;提出,倡议"。根据上下文"计划"只能是"提出",因而(D)为正确答案。
35. I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _________ to it.
[A] connected         [B] fastened         [C] bound        [D] stuck
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) (be) connected一般不与to搭配,而用be connected with:"与……有联系。"(B)(be) fastened to:"被紧紧抓住",fasten的含义是“拴紧, 使固定, 系, 强加于”。(C)be bound to sth:"必定","受……约束"的意思。这符合题意,故应选(C)。(D)stick to:"坚持",一般不用被动语态。这句话的意思是:我支持你的决定,但我必须讲清楚,我不打算受到它的约束。
36. The English language contains a (n) _________ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.
[A] altitude           [B] latitude          [C] multitude      [D] attitude
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) altitude:"高度"。(B)latitude:"纬度"。(C)multitude:"大批",可用于a multitude of+n.(pl),相当于2003年第30题的考点词汇multiple。(D)attitude:"姿势;态度"。从上下文和用法上都只有(C)为正确答案。
37. In my opinion, you can widen the ________ of these improvements through your active participation.
[A] dimension         [B] volume          [C] magnitude     [D] scope
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) dimension:"尺寸, 尺度, 维(数), 度(数)"。(B)volume:"容积,体积,容量"。(C)magnitude:"大小, 数量, 巨大, 广大, 量级"。(D)scope:"范围",从上下文看,"扩展"只能是范围、面积等,而不能是"尺寸、体积"等,所以(D)scope是正确答案。
38. Your improper words will give _________ to doubts concerning your true intentions.
[A] rise              [B] reason           [C] suspicion      [D] impulse
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) (give) rise (to):"导致,引起,产生"。(A)与题意吻合,故应选(A)。(B)(give) reason (to):"对……进行解释"。(C)(give)suspicion (to):"对……进行怀疑"。(D) (give) impulse (to):"促进,增进"。此句话的意思是:不恰当的话会引起对真正意图的怀疑。
39. The news item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made __________.

[A] on the spot        [B] on the site        [C] on the location  [D] on the ground
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:本题考查词组含义。(A)on the spot:"在现场,就地"。(B)on the site:没有这一搭配。(C)on the location:"在外景"。(D)on the ground:"在地面上,当场"。根据上下文,(A)为正确答案。
30. The remarkable _________ of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.
[A] classification      [B] variety           [C] density        [D] diversion
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:classification:"分类,类别;分级"。(B)variety:"变化, 多样性, 种种, 品种, 种类"。a variety of“多种的”。(C)density:"浓度,密度"。(D)diversion:"转移, 转换, 牵制, 解闷, 娱乐"。根据上下文,正确答案应为(B)variety。此句的意思为:Galopagos岛上异常的生物变种启发了查尔斯达尔文建立了自己的进化理论。
1995年考研词汇真题解析

21. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly ________ if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.
[A] admired          [B] regarded         [C] expected       [D] worshipped
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:根据上下文,空白处需填入表示"尊重、尊敬"意思的词。(A) admired:"赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕"。(B)regarded:"尊敬、尊重"。(C)expected:"期望"。(D)worshipped:"崇拜"。根据上下文,(B)为正确答案。
22. A __________ of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.
[A] shorthand        [B] scheme          [C] schedule       [D] sketch
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)shorthand:"速记"。(B)scheme:"精心策划的计划,方案;阴谋"。(C)schedule:"计划表,程度表"。(D)sketch:"梗概"。根据上下文,(D)选项最为合适,故(D)是正确答案。
23. A man has to make _________ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.
[A] supply           [B] assurance         [C] provision      [D] adjustment
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)supply:"补给, 供给, 供应品"。(B)assurance:"确信, 断言, 保证, 担保"。(C)provision:"供应, (一批)供应品, 预备, 防备, 规定"。make provision for…(为……作准备)。(D)adjustment:"调整,调节"。根据题意(C)是正确答案。
24. The newly-built Science Building seems ________ enough to last a hundred years.
[A] spacious         [B] sophisticated       [C] substantial     [D] steady
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)spacious:"宽敞的"。(B)sophisticated:"先进的,尖端的;诡辩的, 久经世故的"。(C)substantial:"坚固的, 实质的, 真实的, 充实的"。(D)steady:"稳定的"。根据题意显然应填(C)。
25. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _________ free medical care.
[A] entitled to        [B] involved in        [C] associated with  [D] assigned to
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)entitled to:"给予……;授予"。(B)involved in:"卷入,涉及"。(C)associated with:"与……有关,和……联合"。(D)assigned to:"把……分配给"。(A)与题意吻合,故应选(A)。
26. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at ______.
[A] danger           [B] stake             [C] loss          [D] threat
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)danger不与at构成搭配,故(A)应排除。(B)(at)stake是固定搭配,意思是"危如累卵,在危险中,存亡攸关"。(C)at a loss:"不知所措,亏本的",不合题意,应排除。(D)at和threat不能构成搭配,故(D)也应排除。因此(B)为正确答案。
27. I felt _________ to death because I could make nothing of the chairman's speech.
[A] fatigued         [B] tired            [C] exhausted      [D] bored
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)、(B)、(C)是近义词,基本含义为"累"。(A)fatigued指人们由于过长时间的劳累,消耗了大量体力,非常需要休息或睡眠。(B)tired指人们由于过分操劳、烦燥、不耐烦而消耗大量的体能。(C)exhausted指体能消耗殆尽,全身毫无力气。(D)bored指由于枯燥、单调引起的厌倦。根据题意,正确答案为(D)。
28. When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at _________.
[A] wrong           [B] trouble           [C] fault          [D] difficulty
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:本句空白处前是介词,故此处需填入名词。(A)wrong是形容词,而且也不能与at构成任何搭配,故(A)应排除。(B)trouble和(D)difficulty虽然是名词,但它们的前面与in搭配,不与at搭配,故(B)(D)均应排除。(C)at fault是固定搭配,意思是"出故障,出差错"。这与题意吻合,故(C)是正确答案。
29. Your advice would be ________ valuable to him, who is at present at his wit's end.
[A] exceedingly      [B] excessively        [C] extensively     [D] exclusively
正确答案是(A)
 题目分析:(A)exceedingly:"非常",合题意,故(A)是正确答案。(B)excessively:"过分地"。(C)extensively:"广泛地"。(D)exclusively:"排它性地,专有地"。显然(B)、(C)、(D)都不合题意,均应排除。
30. He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _________ the consequences.
[A] answer for       [B] run into           [C] abide by       [D] step into
正确答案是(A)
题目分析: (A) answer for:"对……负责,保证, 符合"。(B)run into:"跑进, 撞上, 偶遇, 陷入"。(C)abide by:"遵守"。(D)step into:"插手,干涉,进入"。根据题意(A)是正确答案。
31. The river is already _______ its banks because of excessive rainfall; and the city is threatened with a likely flood.
[A] parallel to        [B] level in           [C] flat on         [D] flush with
正确答案是(D)
  (A)parallel to:"与……平行"。(B)level in:"相等"。(C)flat on:"平躺"。(D)flush with:"与……齐平"。根据题意(D)是正确答案。
32. People _________ that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today.
[A] convinced        [B] anticipated        [C] resolved       [D] assured
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) convinced:"使人信服;相信", convince sb. that 从句或者convince sb. of sth.。(B)anticipated:"期待"。(C)resolved:"决心"。(D)assured:"保证"。assure sb. that 从句或者assure sb. of sth.根据题意(B)为正确答案。
33. In spite of the wide range of reading material-specially written or _________ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic programme for the reading skills.
[A] adapted          [B] acknowledged     [C] assembled      [D] appointed
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)adapted for:"使适应, 使适合于"。(B)acknowledge:"承认, 答谢, 报偿"。(C)assembled:"集合,装配,组合"。(D) appointed:"指定的,约定的"。根据题意(A)应为正确答案。
34. The mother said she would _________ her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.
[A] let down         [B] let alone          [C] let off          [D] let out
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) let down:"放下, 使失望, 松劲, 减速下降"。(B)let alone:"更不用提;更别说"。(C)let off:"免除(任务、责任等)"。(D)let out:"放掉, 泄露, 放大, 出租"。根据题意,(C)为正确答案。
35. We should always keep in mind that ________ decisions often lead to bitter regrets.
[A] urgent           [B] hasty             [C] instant         [D] prompt
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)urgent:"急迫的, 紧急的"。(B)hasty:"匆忙的, 草率的"。(C)instant:"立即的, 直接的, 紧迫的, 刻不容缓的"。(D)prompt:"vt.提示, 鼓动, 促使a.敏捷的, 迅速的, 即时的"。根据上下文,(B)是正确答案。
36. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages _________ in the dictionary.
[A] missing          [B] losing            [C] dropping       [D] leaking
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) missing:"缺掉的,下落不明的,不见的, 缺少的",miss vt. 思念, 未觉察, 错过, 遗漏。(B)losing:"丢失",一般不能作形容词,更不能作置于名词后的形容词。(C)dropping"往下掉的"。(D)leaking:"泄露的"。根据上下文,(A)是正确答案。
37. In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women _________ this field is climbing.
[A] engaging         [B] devoting          [C] registering      [D] pursuing
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) engaging:"从事,参与"。(B)devoting:"献身"。(C)registering:"记录"。(D)pursuing:"追赶;从事,进行"。(A)engaging通常接"in",此处没有,故(A)应排除。(B)devoting通常接"to",此处没有"to",故(B)也应排除。(C)与上下文不搭配,(C)也应排除。根据题意(D)pursuing是正确答案。
38. The supervisor didn't have time so far to go into it ________, but he gave us an idea about his plan.
[A] at hand          [B] devoting           [C] registering      [D] pursuing
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) at hand:"手头,附近"。(B)in turn:"依次,轮流"。(C)in conclusion:"结论"。(D)at length:"详细地,充分地"。根据题意(D)为正确答案。
39. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest __________ of being met.
[A] prospect         [B] prediction          [C] prosperity      [D]permission
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) prospect:"景色, 前景, 前途, 期望"。(B)prediction"预言"。(C)prosperity:"繁荣"。(D)permission:"允许"。根据题意(A)为正确答案。
30. It's usually the case that people seldom behave in a _________ way when in a furious state.
[A] stable           [B] rational            [C] legal           [D] credible
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:stable:"稳定的"。(B)rational:"理智的;有理性的;合理的"。(C)legal:"法律的, 法定的, 合法的"。(D)credible:"可信的;可靠的"。根据题意(B)最为合适,故(B)是正确答案。
1996年考研词汇真题解析

21. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _________.
[A] hung up         [B] hung back          [C] cut down       [D] cut off
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) hang up:"把……挂起来,挂断电话, 拖延"。(B)hang back:"犹豫;踌躇不前"。(C)cut down:"砍倒,胜过, 削减, 删节"。(D)cut off:"切断, 断绝, 剥夺继承权"。(B)、(C)与原上下文思较远,应立即排除。(A)虽可作"挂断电话"解,但是主语是我们,不是电话。本句的后半句是"we are---",显然在双方通话期间,外来因素(如:接线员)把"我们的通话突然中断了。"(D)符合上下文,应填(D)。
22. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend _________ here so that she could learn more about the city.
[A] sometimes       [B] some time          [C] sometime       [D] some times
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) sometimes:"有时",是一个频度副词,常用的频度副词还有always, often,,frequently,  usually, seldom, rarely , never。(B)some time:"一些时间",1996年完型第45题考点。(C)sometime:"在某一时候, 曾经, 有一天"。(D)some times:"在某些场合,不时"。从上下文上看,应填(B)。本句的意思是:她不知道她是否有机会在此处花一些时间以便使她更多了解这个城市的情况。
23. Ms. Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be __________ with everyone who comes to the store.
[A] accepted        [B] admitted            [C] admired        [D] acquainted
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:四个备选答案中能和with相搭配的只有(D)acquainted,与with连在一起意为"熟悉"。故应选(D)。(A)accepted:"接受",(B)admitted:"承认,接受"和(C)admired:"羡慕"均不能与with相搭配,故均应排除。
24. He does not __________ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.
[A] equal           [B] match              [C] qualify         [D]fit
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) equal作动词用时意为"等于,比得上"。(B)match:"与……相匹敌,使较量"。(C)qualify:" (使)具有资格, 证明合格, 限制修饰"。(D)fit:"使合适,使符合"。根据上下文,应选(C)qualify。本句的意思是:他当英文教师不够资格,因为他的发音很糟糕。
25. Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been _________ the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.
[A] pursuing        [B] chasing             [C] reaching        [D] winning
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:goal只与四个备选答案中的(A)pursuing:"追求,寻求"和(C)reaching"达到"相搭配,故(B)chasing:"追逐"和(D)winning:"赢得"应排除。由于(C)reaching (the goal)指已达到的目标,不能用现在时态,实际上句中所说的"利用太阳光分裂水分子"的方法仍在摸索中,尚未变成现实,故(C)也应排除。(A)pursuing指正在"寻求"达到上述目标的方法,符合上下文,故(A)为正确答案。
26. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that _________ the speakers stopped for refreshments.
[A] at large         [B] at intervals           [C] at ease         [D] at random
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) at large:"自由行动,消遥自在地,未被捕, 详尽, 普遍"。(B)at intervals:"每隔一段时间,每隔一段距离"。(C)at ease:"不紧张,自由自在,安逸"。(D)at random:"随便,随机的,随意的"。根据上下文应填(B)。本句的意思是:讨论会开得那么冗长使人精疲力尽,致使发言的人不时停下来喝点饮料。refreshments也可作"点心, 饮料, 精力恢复, 爽快"解。
27. When travelling, you are advised to take travellers, checks, which provide a secure __________ to carrying your money in cash.
[A] substitute       [B] selection             [C] preference      [D] alternative
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) substitute:"代替,代替物",后用介词for。(B)selection:"选择, 挑选, 选集, 精选品",指从相当数量中进行选择,强调数量多和慎重的判断和鉴别。(C)preference:"喜欢,偏爱",强调选择时个人的偏爱,后用介词to。(D)altermative:"两者或两者以上挑一;取舍,抉择",后用介词to。根据题意,外出旅行,带钱时只有少数几种选择:现款;旅行支票或信用卡。四个备选答案中,最接近题意的是(D) alternative:"从两个(或两个以上)中挑其中一种选择"。故(D)为正确答案。
28. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a _________ character.
[A] gracious        [B] suspicious            [C] unique         [D] particular
正确答案是(B)
题目分析: (A) gracious:"有礼貌的,宽厚的,优美的"。(B)suspicious:"多疑的,可疑的",常指所怀疑的对象或事情未必是真的,带有"疑神疑鬼"、"神经过敏"的含义。(C)unique:"独一无二的,唯一的"。(D)particular:"特殊的, 特别的, 独特的, 详细的, 精确的, 挑剔"。根据上下文,应选(B)。本句的意思为:我从不相信他,因为我总认为他是那种多疑的人。判断时请注意,句子前半句是"我从不相信他",根据逻辑关系,故可以肯定后面描述他的词汇应该是贬义词,四个备选答案中,唯有(B)是带贬义的词,故可肯定(B)为正确答案。
29. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this _________ produces artificial cold surrounding it.
[A] absorption      [B] transition             [C] consumption    [D] interaction
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) absorption:"吸收"。(B)transition:"转变, 转换, 跃迁, 过渡, 变调"。(C)consumption:"消费, 消费量, 肺病"。(D)interaction:"互相作用;互相影响",后跟介词with(2004年完型填空第23题词汇考查点)。根据上下文,应填(A)。四个选项都是以-tion为结尾,但意思却相差甚远。本句的意思是:水从固态变成液态时,吸收它周围所有物质的热量,而这种吸收便在它的周围产生人为的低温状态。
30. I didn't say anything like that at all. You are purposely _________ my ideas to prove your point.
[A] revising        [B] contradicting          [C] distorting       [D] distracting
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) revising:"修订, 校订, 修正, 修改"。(B)contradicting:"同...矛盾, 同...抵触"。(C)distorting:"弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲(真理、事实等), 误报"。(D)distracting:"分神,打扰,迷惑"。很明显,备选答案中只有(C)distorting符合上下文,故(C)为正确答案。(A)、(B)和(D)填入句中均说不通,故均应排除。
31. Language, culture, and personality may be considered _________ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.
[A] indistinctly     [B] separately             [C] irrelevantly     [D] independently
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) indistinctly:"不明了地, 朦胧地",强调"看不清、听不清",以致无法弄清。(B)separately:"分离地,个别地",强调可以分开的。(C)irrelevantly:"无关地,不相干地,不合适地",强调相互没有关系。(D)independently:"独立地,单独地",强调独立性,与别的人、事关系不大。根据题意,只有(D)比较符合上下文的意思,故应选(D)。全上下文为:语言、文化和个性可以认为是在意识形态中相互独立的,但事实上它们是无法分开的。
32. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to _________ her laughter.
[A] hold back      [B] hold on               [C] hold out        [D] hold up
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) hold back:"踌躇, 阻止, 抑制, 隐瞒"。(B)hold on:"继续, 不挂断, 不停止"。(C)hold out:"伸出, 提供, 维持, 阻止, 制止"。(D)hold up:"举起, 支撑, 继续下去, 阻挡, 拦截"。四个备选答案中,(A)比较接近上下文,故应选(A)。全上下文思为:看到我费劲地把小牛拉回牲口棚,那爱尔兰挤奶女工极力忍住没笑出声来。
33. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ________ attitude toward customers.
[A] impartial       [B] mild                 [C] hostile         [D] opposing
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) impartial:"公平的, 不偏不倚的"。(B) mild:"温和的, 温柔的, 淡味的, 轻微的, 适度的, 不含有害物质的的"。(C) hostile:"敌对的"。(D) opposing:"反作用的, 反向的, 相反的, 对立的"。根据上下文,(C)与上下文最为接近,故应选(C)。本句的意思是:经理向其中一位女售货员投以指责的目光,因为她对顾客持敌对态度。
34. I __________ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.
[A] express        [B] confess               [C] verify          [D] acknowledge
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)express:" vt. 表达, 表示,指表达思想或感情adj.急速的, 特殊的, 明确的n.快车, 快递, 专使adv.乘快车, 以快递方式"。(B)confess:"坦白",指犯了错误或犯了罪之后坦白自己的错误或罪行。(C)verify:"证实,相证,核实",指核对某事是否属实。(D)acknowledge:"承认, 答谢, 报偿",主要指承认事实。显然,(D)最接近句子的意思,故应选(D)。本句的意思是:我以感激的心情承认在准备这个新的专栏时我的同事给我的帮助。
35. It is strictly _________ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.
[A] secured        [B] forbidden         [C] regulated        [D] determined
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) secured:"为……作保,使安全"。(B) forbidden:"禁止"。(C) regulated:"规定"。(D) determined:"决定"。四个备选答案中(C)最接近上下文,故应选(C)。全上下文思为:严格规定:除极少数人外,所有其他人不得接触机密文件。
36. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in ________ again next spring.
[A] assembly       [B] session           [C] conference       [D] convention
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) assembly:"大会",指有许多人参加的,计划和安排周到的大会。如联合国大会是"General Assembly "。(B) session通常置于in之后,表示"在开会",指一次会议、一届会议或美国国会每次开会。(C) conference:"会议",指正式的,有许多人或有许多国家代表参加的讨论或磋商某一严重问题的会议,新闻发布会press conference。(D) convention:"会议,协定, 习俗, 惯例",常指政府或某政治团体举行的会议,也可以指州级或国家级会议。(B)显然最符合上下文含义,故应选(B)。本句的意思是:污染问题和若干其他问题将在明年春天举行的国会会议上进行讨论。
37. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 5th ________ the birth of Jesus Christ.
[A] in accordance with    [B] in terms of    [C] in favor of       [D] in honor of
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)in accordance with:"根据",比较正式的用法,通常指根据国家法律规定或某些重要条例的规定。(B)in terms of:"就……而言,以……措词,关于"。(C)in favor of:"喜欢,赞同,有利于"。(D)in honor of:"纪念;招待向...表示,敬意, 为祝贺..."。很明显(D)最符合上下文。故应选(D)。本句的意思是:圣诞节是基督教神圣的日子,通常在12月5日举行庆祝,以纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。
38. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am __________ to carrying out the plan.
[A] obliged         [B] committed        [C] engaged         [D] resolved
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)(be)obliged to:"对……很感激(后跟某人,这一用法是2004年考研英语翻译第62题的一个重要考点。);不得不(后接名词或后接不定式)",不接动名词。例如:I am very much obliged to you for telling me.我非常感谢你告诉我。(后接代名词you)。She was obliged to abandon the idea.她被迫放弃那种想法。(后接不定式)。本句to之后是动名词carrying,故(A)应排除。(B)(be)committed(to):"同意承担;答应干某事",后接动名词、不定式、名词均可。例如:He was committed to fulfilling the task within two weeks.后接动名词fulfilling,符合题意,故(B)为正确答案。(C)engaged (in):"从事……",后接介词in。故(C)也应立即排除。(D)resolved (to):"决心",后接不定式,不接动名词,故(D)也应排除。
39. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ________ as well as we had hoped.
[A] came off        [B] went off          [C] brought out      [D] make out
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)come off:"结果;离开;举行;实现,成功",这个短语的意思很多,大家要注意,曾作为1999年考研完型填空第48题的选项。(B)went off:"离去;变质,爆炸"。(C)brought out:"使出现;出版,公布"。(D)made out:"书写, 填写, 拼凑, 进展, 说明, 设法应付, 理解, 辨认出,做了解"。从题意上看,(A)最为合适,故应选(A)。本句的意思是:在深山谷建造一座发电站是一个大胆的设想,但结果和我们原来希望的一样。
40. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must _________ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.
[A] improve        [B] enhance           [C] guarantee       [D] gear
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) improve:"改善,改进",是个及物动词,后面直接接名词作宾语,但不再加"to+…n",故(A)不符合题目的句型结构,应排除。(B)enhance:"增加,提高:指在价值、美、声望上增强;加强:",及物动词,后面也可接名词作宾语,但不再接"to+n..."的结构,故也应排除。(C)guarantee:"保证,担保,保修",是及物动词,后不接"to+n..."的结构,故也应排除。(D)gear(to):"使适应,使适合",(D)与本题结构相吻合,故应选(D)。(A)、(B)和(C)表面上意思与题意接近或吻合,但与本考题后半部分的"to+n"不吻合,故均应排除。本句的意思是:为了在国与国之间的激烈竞争中能生存下去,我们必须使我们的产品质量和品种适应世界市场需求。
1997年考研词汇真题解析
21. When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them __________.
[A]off             [B] aside             [C]out             [D]down
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) (lay) off:"解雇, 停止工作"。(B)(lay) aside:"把……放在一边,留作别用;放弃;积蓄; "。(C)(lay)out:"摆开;陈列;安排,布置"。(D)(lay)down:"放下;放弃;铺设;主张"(2001年完型填空文章中的关键短语之一)。从上下文看应选(A)。
22. The wealth of a country should be measured ________ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.
[A] in line with      [B] in terms of        [C] in regard with    [D] by means of
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) in line with:"与……一致;按照;符合"。(B)in terms of:"用……表示;就……来说;从……角度"。(C)in regard with无此搭配。in(with) regard to"关于"。故(C)应排除。(D)by means of:"凭借"。从上下文看,(A)和(D)也不合题意,均应排除。(B)符合题意,故应选(B)。
23. He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any ________ on what be promises.
[A] faith           [B] belief            [C] credit           [D]reliance
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:place faith后接in,而不接on,故(A) faith应排除。place...belief也是后接in,不接on,故(B)belief也应排除。Place credit后接in,不接on,故(C)credit也应排除。(D)(place)reliance(on):"相信",是固定搭配,来源于动词词组rely on。从上下文看,故(D)为正确答案。
24. My students found the book _________ for it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject.
[A]enlightening      [B]confusing        [C] distracting        [D]amusing
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:本题后半句的意思是:"它为这门课提供丰富的信息",显然这是一本好书,故(B)confusing"使人弄糊涂的"和(C)distracting"分散注意力的"在感情色彩方面属于贬义词,应马上排除。A)enlightening:"有启发作用的",这显然与上下文相吻合,故应选(A)。(D)amusing:"逗人笑的;引起乐趣的",根据后半句的信息,可以排除(D)选项。
25. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _______ down the economy.
[A]put             [B] settle            [C] drag             [D]knock
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) (put)down:"放下;镇压"。(B)(settle)dowm:"安居下来;平静下来;专心致志于"。(C)(drag)down:"拖垮"。(D) (knock) down:"击到,撞到"。从上下文的逻辑关系看,显然(C)是正确答案。本句的意思是:谁也不知道金融体系的不稳定性将需要多长时间,会多严重地拖垮经济。
26. In this factory the machines are not regulated ________ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system.
[A]independently    [B] individually       [C] irrespectively      [D]irregularly
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) independently:"独立地"。(B)individually:"单独地"。(C)irrespectively:"不顾;不考虑"。(D)irregularly:"不规则地"。根据两个句子之间是转折关系,所以要选一个和jointly 相反地词汇,(B)与上下文相吻合,故应选(B)。
27. Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be _________ in some form.
[A]given off        [B]put out            [C] set off            [D]used up
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) given off:"释放,放出"。(B)put out:"生产;摆出,熄灭"。(C)set off:"出发;动身;使爆炸;引起;分开"。(D)used up:"用尽"。根据题干,(A)与上下文意思相吻合,故应选(A)。
28. If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation might actually ___________.
[A]shrink          [B] delay             [C]disperse           [D]sink
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) shrink:"收缩,缩小, (使)皱缩, 缩短"。(B)delay:"延期;耽搁;误点"。(C)disperse:" (使)分散, (使)散开, 疏散"。(D)sink:"沉下, (使)下沉;倒下;降低"。(A)shrink作"减少"解时,主要指"数量"的减少。这符合题意,故(A)为正确答案。(B)、(C)离题意较远,故应立即排除。(D)sink作"减少"解时,相当于diminish,例如在价值上的降低。这里指的是"所得税"的下降。故(D)不合适,应排除。
29. American companies are evolving from mass-production manufacturing to ________ enterprises.
[A]moveable       [B] changing          [C] flexible            [D]varying
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)evolve form...to:"从……逐渐发展成;从……演变成……"。从本上下文思上看,"美国的公司从以大规模生产为主要特征的制造业演变成……企业",这种企业显然不是moveable(可移动)也不可能演变成changing(变化莫测的)企业,更不能演变成varying(变动的)企业。跟mass-productio相对的只能是(C)flexible(灵活的;可变通的)企业,故应选(C)flexible。(A)、(B)和(D)与题意均不符合,故均应排除。
30. If you know what the trouble is, why don't you help them to _______ the situation?
[A]simplify        [B]modify         [C] verify         [D]rectify
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) simplify:"单一化, 简单化",来源于形容词simple。(B)modify:"修改;改动;修正"。(C)verify:"证实;查证;核实";(D)rectify:"整顿;纠正,矫正;调整",相当于set right,对应于文中的trouble. (D)与上下文的意思吻合,故正确答案应为(D)。本句的意思是:如果你知道麻烦之所在,为什么不帮他们整顿一下局势?
31. I can't __________ what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morning.
[A] figure out      [B] draw out        [C] look out       [D]work out
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) figure out:"合计为, 计算出, 解决, 断定, 领会到"。(B)draw out:"抽出, 拉长, 使说出实情, 拟订"。(C)look out:"注意,留神;照料"。(D)work out:"可以解决, 设计出, 作出, 计算出, 消耗完"。从上下文看,(A)与题意相吻合,故(A)为正确答案。本句的含义是:我搞不清楚这些蔬菜怎么了,因为它们是今天上午采摘的。
32. I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat __________.
[A]disapproval     [B] rejection        [C] refusal        [D] decline
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)disapproval:"不赞成",通常与动词express连用,可指对某人固定的、没有什么道理的不喜欢,也可指对某一想法有充分理由的反对。(B)rejection:"断然拒绝",用来表示拒绝与某人或某事有任何的往来,强调否定或敌对的态度。通常与动词take连用。(C)refusal:"拒绝",含有明确的、果断的、否定的意思,强调对一个请示或要求持否定态度,比rejection的否定程度要轻一些。常与动词meet with, get, announce连用,前面可以用flat(断然地)来修饰,显然这个词最接近本题原意,故(C)是正确答案。(D)decline:"婉言谢绝",常指对某人的邀请、建议很有礼貌地拒绝。(A)、(B)和(D)与题意都很接近,但最合适的答案应是(C)refusal。
33. From this material we can _________ hundreds of what you may call direct products.
[A] derive         [B] discern         [C] diminish       [D]displace
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) derive:"取得,得到;推理出",通常接from意为"来自……"与题意相符,故为正确答案。(B)discern:"洞悉, 辨别, 看清楚"。(C)diminish:" (使)减少, (使)变小"。(D)displace:"移置, 转移, 取代, 置换"。本句的含义是:从这种材料里,我们可以得到成百上千种你所说的直接产品。
34. She had clearly no _________ of doing any work, although she was very well paid.
[A] tendency       [B] ambition        [C] intention       [D]willingness
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)tendency:"趋向, 倾向"。(B)ambition:"雄心壮志;野心"。(C)intention:"意图,目的"。(D)willingness:"愿意"。根据上下文,应选(C)。本句的意思是:她已明确无意做任何工作,尽管给她报酬很丰厚。
35. What seems confusing or fragmented at first might well become _________ a third time.
    [A] clean and measurable               [B] notable and systematic
[C] pure and wholesome                [D] clear and organic
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) clean and measurable:"干净而有分寸的"。(B)notable and systematic:"令人注目而又有系统性的"。(C)pure and wholesome:"纯净而又有利健康的"。(D)clear and organic:"清楚而又有系统的",这正好与前面的confusing or fragmented"使人弄迷惑的或支离破碎的"相反,故(D)为正确答案。咋看上去使人弄迷惑的或支离破碎的的东西在第三次见到的时候就变得既清楚又系统。
36. The public opinion was that the time was not ________ for the election of such a radical candidate as Mr. Jones.
[A] reasonable      [B] ripe           [C] ready          [D]practical
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)reasonable:"有理由的,合理的;适度的,不高的(价钱)"。(B)ripe:"成熟",这正好与前面的time(时机)形成搭配,故应选(B)。(C)ready:"准备就绪的",不与前面的time搭配。(D)practical:"实用的",也不与前面的time搭配。故(A)、(C)、(D)均应排除。本句的意思是:公众的意见是选举一个像琼斯先生这样的极端的候选人的时机还不成熟。
37. Hudson said he could not kill a living thing except for the __________ of hunger.
[A] sensation       [B] cause          [C] purpose        [D] motive
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)sensation:"感觉, 感情, 感动, 耸人听闻的事"。这个词主要与感觉如:听、看、触、尝、闻有关,本题中的hunger(饥饿)与上述感觉有所不同,故(A)应排除。(B)cause:"原因",主要指导致某事发生的人或事。此处与题意有出入。故(B)也应排除。(C)purpose:"目的",人们努力达到或某事因其而存在的对象;目标或目的。例如:“And ever those, who would enjoyment gain/Must find it in the purpose they pursue”(Sarah Josepha Hale)“于是那些想要得到快乐的人/一定会在他们的追求的目标中寻求到它”(撒拉•约瑟法•黑尔)。(D)motive:"动机",指一种能作为诱导物而激发行为的情绪、愿望、心理需要或者类似的心理推动力。这与题意相吻合,故应选(D)。本句的含义是:哈德森说,除了因为饥饿的缘故,他不会杀生。
38. For the new country to survive, ________ for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be required.
[A]to name a few    [B] let alone        [C] not to speak     [D] let's say
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) to name a few:"说出若干个(名字)",这与题意相距基远,故(A)应排除。(B)let alone:相当于not to mention"更不用说;谈不上;不管",这与题意相吻合,故正确答案应为(B)。本句的意思:为了新的国家能生存下去—-还谈不上为了使这个国家的人民享有幸福的生活---新的经济政策还是需要的。(C)not to speak,通常后接"of"意为"没有什么可说的,没有什么值行一提的",此处无"of",故(C)应排除。(D)let's say:"让我们说",与上下文不搭配,故(D)也应排除。
39. Foreign disinvestment and the _________ of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 further weakened its economy.
[A] displacement    [B] elimination      [C] exclusion       [D] exception
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)displacement:"移置, 转移, 取代, 置换,",与本题干毫不相干,故(A)应排除。(B)elimination:"消灭,消除,排除",主要指从内部排除不需要的或无关的废物、废料等。此处与题意有出入,故(B)也应排除。(C)exclusion:"排除",指"不让进入"或"不考虑让……进入"某一组织,或指"把……关在门外",常后接from,这完全符合题意,故(C)为正确答案。(D)exception:"除了",后不接"from",常用的词组为with the exception of除了。故(D)应排除。本句的含义是:外资的撤离和南非从1985年后被排除在国际资本市场之外进一步削弱了它的经济。
40. When a number of people ________ together in a conversational knot, each individual expresses his position in the group by where he stands.
[A] pad            [B] pack           [C] squeeze         [D] cluster
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) pad:"使(软物)填满,加上衬垫"。这与题意相距基远,故(A)应排除。(B)pack:"挤满;塞满,装满",通常后接with,不接together,故(B)也应排除。(C)squeeze:"压榨,挤",通常指对某物进行"挤压",压出"水"或"汁",一般不用与人有关的场合,故(C)也应排除。(D)cluster "群集(在一起)",通常指人或相同的物聚集在一起,这与题意正吻合,故(D)为正确答案。当一群人在一起聊天的时候,每一个人都会表达他所支持的群体的观点。
1998年考研词汇真题解析
 
21. The machine needs a complete _________ since it has been in use for over ten years.
[A] amending       [B] fitting          [C] mending        [D] renovating
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) amending:"修改,修正",通常指对法律条文、国际条约、合同等进行适当的修改。如:The Congress is amending the law. (国会正在修改法律),例如美国的宪法修正案叫做amendment。(B)fitting:"安装,装置"。(A)、(B)均与题意有一定差距,故均应排除。(C)mending:"修理",主要指修理已损坏、破损的机器或用具使其完全恢复整体结构,继续可以使用。(C)与题意完全吻合,故应选(C)。(D)renovating:"革新,更新,修复",通常用于对老建筑物进行修复,使之现代化。这与上下文不符,故(D)应排除。机器需要大修,因为它已经用了10年了。
22. There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a ________ of him.
[A]glance          [B] glimpse         [C] look           [D] sight
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)glance:"一瞥, 眼光匆匆一看",指突然、迅速、短暂地看某人或某物。如:She took aglance at the report (她看了一眼那份报告)。glance作名词时通常后接at。此处与上下文略有出入,故(A)应排除。(B)glimpse:"一瞥,瞥见",也指短暂、突然地看,作名词时后接"of",而且在前可加不定冠词"a",这与题意完全吻合,例如:I caught a glimpse of our new neighbor.我们的新邻居我只看过一眼故应选(B)。(C)look:"看",这是四个备选答案中最常见的词,后接at,故(C)应排除。(D)sight:"视力;望见",通常指看见某人或某物,"catch sight of"是固定搭配,意为"看清某人或某物",但在sight前面没有不定冠词"a",故(D)应排除。如此多的人在场并且他只出现了几秒钟,所以我只是看了他一眼。
23. I don't think it's wise of you to ________ your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him.
[A]show up        [B] show out         [C] show in        [D] show off
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)show up:"揭露, 露出, 露面"。(B)show out:"送出",主要指给客人引路送出门。(C)show in:"领入",主要指领客人进入家门或房间。(D)show off:"炫耀,卖弄,使显眼",主要指炫耀自己的知识或成就,这与本题意思想吻合,故(D)为正确答案。本句的意思是:我不认为在主任面前炫耀你自己比人懂得多是明智之举,因为这可能冒犯他。
24. The returns in the short _________ may be small, but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid.
[A] interval        [B] range            [C] span           [D] term
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)interval:"间隔、间歇;工间休息",主要指两个特定时间之间的,尤指短暂的时间空间。(B)range:"范围,区域",主要指武器射程范围(shooting range),飞机续航区域或最大航程等。做动词时强调变化的范围,常和from……to搭配,这是2006年考研英语完型的词汇考察点之一。(C)span:"跨度,跨距,一段时间",常指桥梁的跨度(或跨距),时间或年龄的最大跨度。例如注意力跨度为attention span.这是2003年考研完型的词汇考点,当年考的是青少年的注意力跨度很短,用short.(D)term:"期,期间;条款",主要指某一时间开始到结束的期限,或规定的期限。如:学期从开始到结束的期限,合同的期限等等,in the shrot term表示短期,也可以in the short run.故(D)为正确答案。本句的含义是:短期的回报可能很小,但是若干年后,投资的回报将会很高。
25. A thorough study of biology requires __________ with the properties of trees and plants, and the habit of birds and beasts.
[A] acquisition     [B] discrimination     [C] curiosity        [D] familiarity
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)acquisition:"获得",常指获得知识,经验,技能等,后接"of",它是acquire的名词形式。(B)discrimination:"区分,辨别,歧视",主要指把两种东西(或人、人种)区分开来,常接in或against。(C)curiosity:"好奇心",后接"with"。(D)familiarity:"熟悉",通常后接"with",这与本题上下文完全吻合,故应选(D)。本句的意思是:彻底研究生物学要求(人们)熟悉各种树和植物的特性以及鸟类和野生动物的特征(注意property作可数名词的意思是特征,具有这一含义的词汇还有quality, feature, characteristic, possession, attribute等)。
26. She worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the result would __________ her long effort.
[A] justify         [B] testify           [C] rectify          [D] verify
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)justify:"证明……是正确的,认为……有理;认为……是值得的",主要指证明做某事是正义的、正确的、值得的。这与题意吻合,故(A)为正确答案。(B)testify:"证明, 证实, 作证",主要指在法庭里出庭作证,证明某事是真实无疑的。(C) rectify:"纠正;矫正,整顿"。(D)verify:"证实,证明",通常指通过调查、(与某一标准)比较以便证明某事的正确性或真实性。显然,(B)、(C)、和(D)的意思均与题意不符,故均应排除。
27. I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to ________ my debt in return for certain services.
[A] take away      [B] cut out           [C] write off        [D] clear up
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) take away:"取走;消除,消耗"。(B) cut out:"切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止"。(C) write off:"一笔勾销,注销,报废"。(D) clear up:"整理,收拾"。从上下文看(C)与题意吻合,故(C)为正确的答案。本句的意思是:我非常高兴的得知,我的老板慷慨地一笔勾销了我欠的债务,以报答我对他的某些服务。
28. Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great ________.
[A] explosion       [B] sensation         [C]exaggeration     [D]stimulation
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) explosion:"爆发, 发出, 爆炸, [矿]煤气爆炸"。( B) sensation:"感觉, 感情, 感动, 耸人听闻的事情",主要指轰动一时的新闻,并与create构成搭配,故应选(B)。本句的意思是:有些记者经常夸张的叙述势态以便能制造出轰动一时的新闻。(C) exaggeration:"夸大",和overstate的含义重复。(D)stimulation:"激励, 鼓舞, 刺激"。(A)、(C)和(D)都与题意有不同程度的差距,而且均不能与句子中的create构成搭配,故均应排除。
29. According to what you have just said, am I to understand that his new post _______ no responsibility with it at all?
[A] shoulders      [B] possesses    [C] carries       [D] shares
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)shoulders:"肩负,承担",常与obligation和burden连用,构成,"肩负……责任"或"承担……重任"的意思。(B)possesses:"占有,拥有",主要指占有"资源、钱财、资产"等等。(C)carries:"运送,传送,带",可以与responsibility构成固定搭配,意为"承担责任",这与题意相吻合,故应选(C)。(D)shares:"分担,分享",一般的用法为share something with somebody。全上下文为:照你说,我是否可以理解成他的新的工作岗位对此事不承担任何责任吗?(A)、(B)和(D)均与题意有一定程度的出入,故均应排除。
30. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his __________ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.
[A] comment      [B] reaction      [C] impression   [D] comprehension
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)comment:"注释, 评论, 意见",后接"on",不接"to",而本题空白处后是"to",(A)与题意和用词造句的搭配都不对,故(A)应排除。(B)reaction:"反应, 反作用, 反动(力) ",后可接"to",这与题意吻合,故应选(B)。(C)impression(印象),后接"on",不接"to",一般指好的印象,故(C)应排除。(D)comprehension:, "理解",后接"of",不接"to",故(D)也应排除。有时候,学生可能被要求写他们对于某本书或者某篇论文的评论,这些书或者论文和正在被研究的对象(1996年考研翻译重点词汇)有一定的关系(bearing)。
31. Please _________ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law forbids them.
[A]restrain        [B] hinder       [C] restrict       [D] prohibit
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)restrain:"抑制,制止",后面可接反身代词和from,构成"restrain oneself from……"意为"戒掉(……习惯)",这与题意正好相符,故应选(A)。类似的短语有refrain from忍住, 制止, 戒除
控制,克制不要。(B)hinder:"妨碍,阻止",后不接"from",故(B)应排除。(C)restrict:"限制",后接"to",构成"restrict to"表示:"仅限于……",这与题意不符,故(C)也应排除。(D)prohibit:"禁止",可直接接宾语。如:The law prohibits smoking in public places .或Smoking is prohibited by law。注意prohibit后不接from,故(D)也应排除。本句的意思是:请您戒掉在公共场所抽烟和吐痰的习惯,因为法律不允许这么做。
32. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of ___________ every business operation in the whole country.
[A] practically     [B] preferably    [C] precisely     [D] presumably
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)practically:"实际上, 事实上, 在实践上,几乎, 简直"。(B)preferably:"更适宜"。(C)precisely:"精确地,正好,恰好"。(D)presumably:"大概,推测起来"。从上下文看(A)与题意相吻合,故应选(A)。本句的意思是:要是没有电话,在全国范围内就几乎不可能发挥每一种商业运营的功能。
33. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, __________ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.
[A] in proportion to [B] in reply to    [C] in relation to  [D] in contrast to
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)in proportion to:"与……成比例"。(B)in reply to:"答复"。(C)in relation to:"关于, 涉及, 与…相关"。(D)in contrast to:"和...形成对比[对照]"。根据上下文的意思,(D)为正确答案。本句的意思为:初步估计的数字大约为1100亿美元,与总统竭力使国会通过的1600亿美元形成对照。
34. He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will __________ at the end of this month.
[A] expire        [B] exceed       [C] terminate     [D] cease
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) expire:"期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满",主要用于有效证件、产品保质期限、合同、条约等使用期满,不能再使用,这与题意完全吻合,故(A)为正确答案。(B)exceed:"超过,超越",于本题的上限文语言环境不符,故(B)应排除。(C)terminate:"停止, 结束, 终止",主要指使某一关系、限度结束。(C)与上下文也有出入,故(C)也应排除。(D)cease:"停止",常指结束某种状态、条件等等。如:cease fire(停火)。(D)与题意有一定的出入,故(D)也应排除。该句的意思是:他正打算再到国外旅游一次,不过他的护照在本月底到期。
35. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read ________ letters from their families.
[A] sentimental    [B] affectionate   [C] intimate      [D] sensitive
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)sentimental:"伤感的,无病呻吟的,易动感情的",主要强调带有怀乡的,怀旧的,多愁善感的情绪。这与题意有一定出入,故(A)应排除。(B)affectionate:"充满感情的,亲爱的, 挚爱的",常指亲人之间的深情。这与题意吻合,故应选(B)。 (C)intimate:"亲密的",主要用于表示朋友之间的关系。(D)sensitive:"敏感的"。本句的意思为:当所有在近海处的石油勘探队员在读到他们亲人充满深情的信件时,都兴高采烈。
36. Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to _________, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s.
[A] revolt        [B] revolve       [C] reverse       [D] revive
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) revolt:"反抗, 起义, 反叛, 反感, 厌恶"。(B)revolve:" (使)旋转, 考虑, 循环出现"。(C)reverse:"反转,逆转",这与题意相吻合,故应选(C)。(D)revive:"恢复,使复苏"。本句的意思是:90年代初期发生的若干次国际事件似乎可能使80年代出现的一些倾向发生逆转,至少是削弱。
37. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite _________.
[A] arbitrary      [B] rational       [C] mechanical    [D] unpredictable
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)arbitrary:"任意的,随意的,专横的,武断的",指根据自己的观点、喜好作出选择,或独断独行作出决定或进行统治,或根据自己意愿,随心所欲地使用自己的权力等,这与题意正好吻合,故(A)为正确答案。(B)rational:"理性的,合理的",放进上下文中讲不通,故(B)应排除。(C)mechanical:"机械的;呆板的"。(D)unpredictable:"不可预测的"。(C)和(D)显然与题意不合,故均应排除。本句的意思是:我不知道所涉及的那些关键要点,所以我的选择是武断的。
38. The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetables no longer _________ according to the weather.
[A] altered       [B] converted      [C] fluctuated     [D] modified
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)altered:"改变",alter 所表示的“改变”只是细节的,或外表的变化,并不表示本质的改变。如:把一件衣服改小一些或只把衣袖稍放肥一些,但衣服的式样仍然不变,这时用alter便很确当。vary 一般表示转换、变易、增生所致的“变化”或“不同”。(D)modify 主要用来表示有局限性的“改变”,当用于事物时,它所表示的“改变”,在程度上要大于 alter, 在用于人的态度时,它仅仅表示略加修饰,并不含有很大的变化。(B)converted:"变换、转化",主要指"将……从一种形态转换或另一种形态或形式"。如:convert grainsintosflour(将谷物磨成粉状)。(C)fluctuated:"涨跌,波动",常指某事物(如价格、股票等)上下的波动或忽前忽后的移动。这与题意相吻合,故应选(C)。 (A)、(B)和(D)与题意有一定差距,故均应排除。本句的意思是:当地的人们高兴地发现蔬菜价格不再因天气情况上下波动了。
39. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not ________ their prospect of promotion.
[A] spur         [B] further        [C] induce        [D] reinforce
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) spur:"鞭策, 刺激, 疾驰, 驱策",常指用某种方式(语言,或某种用具)催促某人(或动物)加速前进。这与上下文不吻合,"spur"与"prospect of promotion"也不搭配,故(A)应排除。(B)further:"促进,增进",强调"助一臂之力"使之实现某一目标,或使离目标更近。这与题意相吻合,故应选(B)。 (C)induce:"劝诱, 促使, 导致, 引起, 感应"。(D)reinforce:"加强, 增援, 补充, 增加...的数量, 修补, 加固"。(C)、(D)显然离题意较远,故均应排除。本句的意思是:雇员们贪图安逸肯定对他们的提升的前景不利。
40. In what _________ to a last minute stay of execution, a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites.
[A] applies       [B] accounts      [C] attaches       [D] amounts
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) appiles(to):"应用于"。(B)accounts:"帐目,说明,报道",不能和to 搭配,(B)应立即排除。(A)与题意不合,也应排除。(C)attaches (to):"附属于",与题意不合,故(C)也应排除。(D)amounts(to):"总计;等于",与题意吻合,故(D)为正确答案。本句的意思是:在即将执行的最后关头,委员会宣布紧急资金将会被用来继续维持两颗老化的卫星的运行。
1999年考研词汇真题解析
21. An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to __________ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.
[A] stimulate      [B] renovate      [C] arouse        [D] advocate
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)stimulate:"刺激, 激励"。(B)renovate:"更新,修复",主要指将旧的(如房屋、车子等)经翻修使表面看上去是新的。(C)arouse:"唤醒, 唤起, 鼓励, 引起"。(D)advocate:"提倡,鼓吹,主张"。根据上下文,正确答案应该为(A)。本句的意思是:科学理论的一个重要特性是它能刺激进一步研究并对某一特定的课题进行深入的思考。
22. Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical ____________.
[A] obligations    [B] regulations    [C] observations   [D] considerations
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) obligations:"义务;职责;责任"。(B)regulation:"规则, 规章(常用复数), 调节, 校准"。(C)observations:"观察,观测, 观察资料(或报告) "。注意动词observe有遵守的含义(D)considerations:"体谅, 考虑, 需要考虑的事项"(1997年考研翻译第73题考查的重点词汇之一)。根据题意应先(D)。本句的意思是:尽管建筑具有艺术性,但是他也必须满足一些重要的实用方面的需要。
23. Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss __________ the bread-winner's death.
[A] at the cost of   [B] on the verge of [C] as a result of   [D] for the sake of
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)at the cost of:"以……为代价,用……换来的",意思和at the expense of 一样,后者是1994年考研翻译第75题考查的重点短语之一。(B)on the verge of:"接近于, 濒临于"。(C)as a result of:"由于……的结果"。(D)for the sake of:"为……起见"。根据题意,应选(C)。本句的含义是:人寿保险是从经济上补偿由于家中养家糊口的人死亡而给其家属带来的损失。
24. In education there should be a good _________ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment.
[A] distribution    [B] balance       [C] combination   [D] assignment
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)distribution:"分配, 分发, 配给物, 销售"。(B)balance:"秤, 天平, 平衡, [商] 收支差额, 结余, 余额"。(C)combination:"结合, 联合, 合并, 化合, 化合物"。( D)assignment:"分配, 委派, 任务, (课外)作业"。根据上下文,应选(B)。本句的含义是:在教育上,对有助于有效思维和明智判断的各学科知识要保持良好的平衡。
25. The American dream is most ___________ during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American capitalism.
[A] plausible      [B] patriotic      [C] primitive      [D] partial
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)plausible:" Seemingly or apparently valid, likely, or acceptable; credible:
看似真实的,看似有道理的:看起来或表面上正确的、可能的或可接受的;可靠的:a plausible excuse.
看似有理的借口"(1998年考研翻译第75题考查的重点短语之一,2002年考研完型第32题所考查的词汇)。(B)patriotic:"爱国的,爱国主义的"。(C)primitive:"原始的, 远古的, 粗糙的, 简单的"。(D)partial:"部分的, 局部的, 偏袒的, 偏爱的"。根据题意应选(A)。本句的含义是:在由美国资本主义带来的生产效率和财富(大为增加)的阶段,美国梦最为可信。
26. Poverty is not ___________ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more visible there.
[A] rare          [B] temporary     [C] prevalent      [D] segmental
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) rare:"稀罕的, 杰出的, 珍贵的, (肉类)半熟的"。(B)temporary:"临时的"。(C)prevalent:"流行的,普遍的"。(D)segmental:"片段的,部分的"。根据上下文应选(C)。本句的含义是:在大多数城市,贫穷并很普遍,尽管在这儿,非常明显,但是可能是因为一些地区国与拥挤的缘故。
27. People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in _________ populated areas.
[A] densely       [B] intensely      [C] abundantly    [D] highly
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)densely:"密集地,浓密地, 浓厚地"。(B)intensely:"强烈地,剧烈地,热烈地"。(C)abundantly:"丰富地"。(D)highly:"高度地;非常"。根据上下文,应选(A)。本句的含义是:住在小城镇上的人们比住在人口稠密的地区的人们看上去往往更加友好。
28. As a way of __________ the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.
[A] picking up     [B] coping with   [C] passing out    [D] getting across
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)picking up:"拾起,增加,得到,学会"。(B)coping with:"对付,处理,与...竞争, 应付"(cope是2006年完型第2题考点词汇)。(C)passing out:"失去知觉,昏倒, 死"。(D)getting across:" (使)越过, 通过, 被理解"。根据上下文应选(B)。本句的含义是:作为一种他们不在时处理邮件的方式,约翰逊夫妇要求洗衣女工给发信的人送一些印刷好的小纸条,要求他们晚些时候再写一次。
29. Tom's mother tried hard to persuade him to __________ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.
[A] pull out       [B] give up       [C] draw in       [D] back down
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)pull out:"拔出, 离开, 度过难关, 恢复健康"。(B)give up:"放弃",后面不能跟from。(C)draw in:"天黑下来了;到了;近了;靠到路边;驶向路旁"。(D)back down:"放弃原主张, 取消前言",后面可以根from和动名词结构。根据题意应选(D)。本句的含义是:汤姆的妈妈极力说服他放弃原定把储蓄投资于股市的打算。
30. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical _________, well become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.
[A] interference   [B] interruption    [C] intervention    [D] interaction
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)interference:"冲突,干涉"。(B)interruption:"中断,打断"。(C)intervention:"介入,干预"。(D)interaction:"相互作用"。根据上下文应选(C)。本句的含义是:我们日益增加的那部分人口,没有先进的医疗的介入,将越来越依赖昂贵的技术。
31. These causes produced the great change in the country that modernized the ________ of higher education from the mid-1860's to the mid-1880's.
[A] branch       [B] category       [C] domain       [D] scope
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)branch:"枝, 分枝, 分部, 分店, (学科)分科, 部门, 支流, 支脉"。(B)category:"种类, 别, [逻]范畴"。(C)domain:"领土, 领地, (活动、学问等的)范围, 领域",主要指思想、活动范围而言。(D)scope:"范围,机会,余地",主要用于指地域平面"距离"的范围,更常指"程度",到达某一程度,掌握某一学科(情况)的程度或人们所关心的事情的"范围"。(A)、(B)离本题较远,应立即排除。本题提到的"高等教育(higher education)"显然属"(活动、学问等的)范围",故应选(C)domain。本句的含义是:在这个国家,这些原因造成了一个巨大的变化,这个变化使高等教育领域从1860年代中期到1880年代中期实现了现代化。
32. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the _________ in the financial system will drag down the economy.
[A] shallowness   [B] shakiness      [C] scantiness     [D] stiffness
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)shallowness:"浅"。(B)shakiness:"不稳定,靠不住"。(C)scantiness:"不足,单薄"。(新大纲中这一词汇被取消)(D)stiffness:"僵硬,拘谨,呆板"。财经制度无疑与是否稳定有关,故应选(B)。本句的含义是:谁也还说不清金融体系的不稳定将需要多长时间和多么严重地拖跨经济。
33. Crisis would be the right term to describe the _________ in many animal species.
[A] minimization  [B] restriction     [C] descent        [D] decline
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)minimization:"最小限度, 最低额, 轻视"。(B)restriction:"限制,约束"。(C)descent:"降下, 降落, 世系, 血统, 侵袭",常指:下降的动作或实例,例如飞机往下降,或人从高处往下走等。(D)decline:"下降,衰落,婉言谢绝",常指生产、经济等走下坡路,或指某种动植物的物种在减少。根据上下文应选(D)。本句的含义是:危机将是描述很多动物物种下降的合适的词语。
34. The city is an important railroad ___________ and industrial and convention center.
[A] conjunction   [B] network       [C] junction       [D] link
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)conjunction:"联合, 关联, 连接词"。(B)network:"网络, 网状物, 广播网",常指通讯网路、电脑网络及公路、交通、新闻等网络。(C)junction:"连接, 接合, 交叉点, 汇合处"。(D)link:"链环, 连结物, 火把, 链接"。根据上下文应选(C)。本句的含义是:大城市是重要的铁路枢纽和工业与会议中心。
35. Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to ________ myself of every chance to improve my English.
[A] assure       [B] inform       [C] avail         [D] notify
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)assure:"使确信,使放心,保证"。(B)inform:" (~ of/about) 通知, 告诉, 获悉, 告知"。(C)avail oneself of"利用",是固定搭配,这与题意相吻合,故应选(C)。(D)notify:"通知,告知"。本句的含义是:怀特教授,我尊敬的导师,常常提醒我要利用每一个机会提高我的英语水平。
36. Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that ________ disease resistance in neighboring plants.
[A] contracts     [B] activates     [C] maintains      [D] prescribe
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)contracts:"使缩短, 感染, 订约"。(B)activates:"刺激, 使活动,有活力"。(C)maintains:"维持, 维修, 继续, 供养, 主张"。(D)prescribes:"指示,规定,开处方"。根据上下文,(B)与题意吻合,故应选(B)。本句的含义是:研究人员发现感染上某种病毒的植物会散发出激发周围植物抵抗疾病的一种气体。
37. Corporations and labor unions have ____________ great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.
[A] conferred     [B] granted      [C] flung         [D] submitted
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)conferred:"授予(称号、学位等), 赠与, 把...赠与, 协议"。(B)granted:"同意, 准予, 承认(某事为真) ",在作"给予"解时,主要指政府之间或政府对民间的无偿"赠予"。(C)flung(fling的过去时和过去分词,意为"猛投, 抛, 掷, 使陷入, 挥动, 嘲笑, 扫视vi.猛冲, 直冲, 急行")。(D)submitted:"提交,呈送;使服从",通常指下级向上级提交或呈交送文件等。根据上下文应选(A)。本句的含义是:公司和工会已给了他们的雇员、工会会员和公众大量好处。
38. The movement of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was __________ from one new moon to the next.
[A] measured     [B] reckoned     [C] judged        [D] assessed
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)measured:"测量, 测度, 估量, 分派, 权衡, 调节"。(B)reckoned:"计算, 总计, 估计, 猜想"。(C)judged:"审理, 鉴定, 判断, 判决, 断定, 认为"。(D)assessed:"估定, 评定"。根据上下文应选(B)。本句的含义是:月亮的运动方便的提供了月这个计量单位,人们把从一词满月到下一次满月算为一个月。
39. The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was _________ to the issue at hand.
[A] irrational     [B] unreasonable  [C] invalid        [D] irrelevant
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)irrational:"无理性的, 失去理性的"。(B)unreasonable:"不讲道理的, 不合理的, 过度的, 不切实际的"。(C)invalid:"无效的",常指法律上的无效,或某种证件已过期,或证件本身是"伪造的"。(D)irrelevant:"与……无关的,不相关的;离题的",后接to。根据上下文,应选(D)。本句的含义是:法官裁定:证据不能被认定,理由是它与手头的案情无关。
40. Fuel scarcities and price increases __________ automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks.
[A] persuaded     [B] prompted     [C] imposed      [D] enlightened
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) persuaded:"说服, 劝说, (使)相信, 劝某人做(不做)某事"。(B)prompted:"提示, 鼓动, 促使, (给演员)提白",2001年考研阅读第5篇文章首句出现的关键词汇。(C)imposed:"征税, 强加, 以...欺骗",通常后接"on",和burden等词汇可以搭配,1997年完型49题考点词汇。(D)enlightened:"启发,启蒙,教导"。根据上下文应选(B)。本句的含义是:燃料的短缺和价格的上涨促使汽车设计师压缩最大型号汽车的设计,开发全新小型汽车和货车的系列。
2000年考研词汇真题解析
21. He spoke so _________ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.
[A] bluntly       [B] convincingly   [C] emphatically   [D] determinedly
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)bluntly:"坦率地,直率地"。(B) convincingly:"信服地, 有说服力地"。(C) emphatically:"强调地, 用力地"。(D) determinedly:"决然地, 断然地"。很显然(B)为正确答案。本句的含义是:他说得如此令人信服甚至他的对手都被他的论点所折服。
22. France's _________ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.
[A] assumption    [B] consumption   [C] presumption   [D] resumption
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)assumption:"假定, 设想, 担任, 承当, 假装, 作态"。(B) consumption:"消费"。(C) presumption:"假定;推测"。(D) resumption:"取回, 恢复, 再开始, 重获, (中断后)再继续"。根据上下文,很明显然应选(D)。本句的含义是:上月法国在南太平洋地区恢复核试验触发了政治辩论和群众示威游行。
23. The 15-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ________ an outburst of interest.
[A] flared        [B] glittered       [C] sparked       [D] flashed
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)flared:"vi.闪光, 突然烧起来, 闪耀vt.使闪耀, 使张开",主要指某物"突然发出强光",尤指在黑夜中突然发出不稳定强光。(B) glittered:"闪闪发光, 闪烁, 闪光",是一个不及物动词 (C) sparked:"发火花;引起,激起",这个词原为名词,意为"火花",作动词时可引申为"激起,引起",这符合题意,故应选(C)。 (D) flashed:"发闪光,闪亮",主要指发出一种突然而又短暂的强光,如闪电等。本句的含义是::去年10月份在出版界流传的15页的手稿引起人们浓厚的兴趣。
24. His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties _________.
[A] came off      [B] came on       [C] came round    [D] came down
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) came off:"离开, 举行, 实现, 成为"。(B) came on:"开始, 出台, 上演;快点,赶快"。(C) came round:"前来, 过访, 绕道而来, 苏醒, 转变, 改主意"。(D) came down:"下来, 倒塌, 没落, 病倒, 捐钱, 流传下来"。很显然,跟据题意(A)为正确答案。本句的含义是:他为实现双方和解所作的努力奏效了。
25. The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually __________ it in a profitable direction.
[A] adapt         [B] control       [C] install         [D] steer
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) adapt:"使适应, 改编"。(B) control:"控制, 支配, 管理(物价等), 操纵"。(C) install:"安置,安装"。(D) steer:"驾驶, 掌舵",根据上下文(D)为正确答案。1997年考研英语阅读第1篇文章首句的重点词汇。本句的含义是:重新设计这个系统的目的在于利用(embrace)这个网络并最终使它沿着有利可图的方向前进。
26. The capital intended to broaden the export base and __________ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.
[A] secure        [B] extend        [C] defend        [D] possess
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)secure:"固定;获得;保护"。(B) extend:"扩充, 延伸, 伸展, 扩大[军]使疏开, 给予, 提供"。(C) defend:"防护, 辩护, 防卫, [律]作...的辩护律师"。(D) possess:"占有, 拥有, 持有, 摆布, 支配"。(A) secure可后接"from",与上下文意思吻合,故应选(A)。本句的含义是:本打算用于扩大出口基地并且从国际贸易中获得效率收益的资本被用到了效益不佳的进口替代方面。
27. It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be _________ at the manager's office.
[A] declared       [B] obtained      [C] reclaimed      [D] recognized
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) declared:"宣布"。(B) obtained:"获得"。(C ) reclaimed:"要求归还,领回"。(D) recognized:"认识,认出"。根据上上文,(C)为正确答案。本句的含义是:有人宣布,捡到了一个钱包,可以到经理办公室认领。
28. When I ___________ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.
[A] woke up       [B] took to       [C] picked up      [D] came to
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) woke up:"醒来"。(B)took to:"喜欢,亲近"。(C)picked up:"捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到"。(D)came to:"恢复知觉,苏醒"。根据题意,(D)为正确答案。本句的含义是:当我苏醒过来的时候,我发现在躺在我的小房间的床上,奶奶俯身站在我的身边。
29. The American society is _________ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.
[A] established on          [B] affiliated to         [C] originated from    [D] incorporated with
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)established on:"建立在……(基础)上"。(B)affiliated to:"使隶属于……"。(C)originated from:"起源于……"。(D)incorporated with:"与……合并"。根据题意,(A)为正确答案。本句的含义是:美国社会建立在一个自然资源极不稳定的基础上,这使得环境恶化成为可能。
30. I am not _______ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.
[A] concerned      [B] compatible    [C] considerate    [D] complied
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)concerned:"关心的, 有关的"。(B)compatible:"能和睦相处的,合得来的,谐调的, 一致的, 兼容的"。(C)considerate:"体谅的,考虑周到的"。(D)complied:"遵照……做的",comply with照做。根据本文后半句,"但我不得不与她同住一间房,因为我没别的地方可住"来判断,两个人相处的不甚融洽,故应选(B)。
31. At first, the _________ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.
[A] transaction     [B] transmission   [C] transformation  [D] transition
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)transaction:"交易,办理, 处理,事务, 处理事务"。(B)transmission:"播送, 发射, 传动, 传送, 传输"。(C)transformation:"变化, 转化, 改适, 改革"。(D)transition:"转变, 转换, 跃迁, 过渡"。"彩色图像"显然与"传送,传输"搭配,故应选(B)。本句的含义是:开始,远距离传输彩色图像似乎是不可能的,但是,在付出了巨大的努力和高昂的代价后,它成为了现实。
32. When the committee ________ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.
[A] got down      [B] set about      [C] went off       [D] came up
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)got down (to):"开始,着手"。(B)set about:"开始,着手",后面不接"to"。(C)went off:"爆炸,变质,消失",显然不符合上下文逻辑。(D)came up (to):"达到,符合"。(D)后面虽可接"to",但不符合上下文逻辑,故(D)也应排除,正确答案应为(A)。本句的含义是:当委员会开始着手讨论细节的时候,被提议的计划似乎并不很切合实际。
33. _________ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.
[A] Orientation     [B] Access       [C] Procession     [D] Voyage
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)Orientation:"方向, 方位, 定位, 倾向性, 向东方"。(B)Access:"进入,接近,获得,利用",后跟介词to,这与上下文吻合,故应选(B)。(C)Procession:"队列,行列"。(D)Voyage:"航程, 航空, 航海记, 旅行记"。本句的含义是:接近南美洲的某些地区仍然很困难,因为,南美大陆的一些地区附带着浓密的森林。
34. Mr. Smith had an unusual ________: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.
[A] profession     [B] occupation     [C] position       [D] career
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)profession:"职业, 专业, 表白, 宣布"。主要指需经高等专业教育后才能获得的职业。(B)occupation:"职业, 占有, 占有(房屋等)",主要指较为"中性"的职业,它既可指受过高等教育后获取的"职业",亦可指无需经过高等教育而从事的一般性职业,如从事一般商业和服务行业等的"职业"。(C)position:"位置, 职位, 立场, 形势, 阵地",主要指任何具体的"职业"。(D)career:" (原意:道路, 轨道)事业, 生涯, 速度",强调过程。由于Mr. Smith多次变换工作,显然他经历"很不寻常",根据上下文,(D)为正确答案。本句的含义是:斯密斯先生的职业生涯很特别,他先是一个办公室职员,然后是一个水手,最后作了一个学校的老师。
35. The mayor is a woman with great _________ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.
[A] intention       [B] instinct       [C] integrity       [D] intensity
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A)intention:"意图;目的"。(B)instinct:"本能,天性"。(C)integrity:"正直,诚实, 完整, 完全, 完整性"。(D)intensity:"强烈,强度"。(C)与上下文的意思吻合,故应选(C)。本句的含义是:这位女市长非常正直,所以值得我们在政治上和经济的支持。
36. The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and ___________ to everyone.
[A] speculation     [B] attribution     [C] utilization     [D] proposition
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)speculation:"推测;思索, 做投机买卖"。(B)attribution:"归因,归属"。(C)utilization:"利用"。(D)proposition:"主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题"。根据上下文,(A)为正确答案。本句的含义是:英国的天气很难预报准确,因此,引起了每一个人的兴趣和猜测。
37. The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ________ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.
[A] renders        [B] reckons       [C] regards       [D] relates
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A)renders:"致使,呈递, 归还, 放弃, 实施",做致使讲的时候相当于make,可以根宾语和宾语补足语。(A)与上下文吻合,故应选(A)。(B)reckons:"计算, 总计, 估计, 猜想"。(C)regards:"把……看作;考虑"。(D)relates:"叙述, 讲, 使联系, 发生关系"。本句的含义是:金雕(鹫)通常在一些很高的悬崖上筑巢,这一点使获得它卵或者幼鸟成为几乎不可能的事情。
38. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be _______, and display interest in the job.
[A] swift          [B] instant        [C] timely        [D] punctual
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A)swift:"迅速的, 快的, 敏捷的, 立刻的"。(B)instant:"立即的,紧迫的, 刻不容缓的, (食品)速溶的, 方便的, 即时的"。(C)timely:"适时的;及时的"。(D)punctual:"准时的;按时的",指在约定的时间内"准时"到达,这与题意吻合,故应选(D)。本句的含义是:为了给未来的雇主留下好印象,应该穿戴整洁,守时并且要对工作表现出极大的兴趣。
39. You don't have to install this radio in your new car; it's an _________ extra.
[A] excessive      [B] optional       [C] additional     [D] arbitrary
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A)excessive:"过多的, 过分的, 额外"。(B)optional:"可任选的,非强制性的"。(C)additional:"另外的, 附加的, 额外的"。(D)arbitrary:"任意的, 武断的, 独裁的, 专断的"。根据上下文,(B)为正确答案。本句的含义是:你不必把收音机安装在汽车上,它是一个备选的部件。
40. We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't ________ to the traffic jam of the busy city.
[A] aid            [B] amount       [C] add          [D] attribute
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) aid:"资助, 援助, 帮助"。(B)amount:" (to) 总计, 等于"。(C)add to:"增加"。(D)attribute to:"把……归因于"。根据上下文,(C)为正确答案。本句的含义是:我们很高兴的宣布上午运货并没有增加这个拥挤城市的交通堵塞状况。
2001年考研词汇真题解析
21. He is too young to be able to _________ between right and wrong.
[A] discard        [B] discern        [C] disperse      [D] disregard
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:本题考查词汇的一般意义。(A) discard " 丢弃, 抛弃"。(B) discern " 目睹, 认识, 洞悉, 辨别, 看清楚"。(C) disperse "驱散,散去"。(D) disregard"忽视,不理会"。可见(B)符合上下文,应为正确答案。本句的含义是:他太年轻,不能辨别是非。
22. It was no _________ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.
[A] coincidence    [B] convention     [C] certainty      [D] complication
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:本题考查词汇的一般意义。(A) coincidence "巧合,巧事,一致, 相合, 同时发生或同时存在(尤指偶然)的事"。(B) convention "大会, 协定, 习俗, 惯例"。(C) certainty "确定, 确实的事情"。(D) complication "复杂化, (使复杂的)因素,[医]并发症"。(A)符合上下文,应为正确答案。本句的含义是:发生抢劫案时,有人在银行附近看到他的车,这绝非巧合。
23. One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships ________ follow traffic rules in busy harbors.
[A] cautiously      [B] dutifully       [C] faithfully      [D] skillfully
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) cautiously "小心地,谨慎地,慎重地",不符合上下文逻辑。(B) dutifully "恭顺地,尽职地,忠实地, 忠贞地",含有"服从命令听指挥"的意思,这与句中提到"港口繁忙"及"警卫队"控制等内容吻合,故为最佳选择。(C) faithfully "忠实地,如实地"。(D) skillfully "熟练地,巧妙地, 技术好地"。本句的含义是:海岸警卫队的责任之一便是确保所有船只遵守繁忙港口内的航运规范。
24. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _________ the welfare of his animals.
[A] critical about   [B] indignant at    [C] indiferent to   [D] subject to
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) critical about "对……批评的"。(B) indignant at "对……感到愤怒"。(C) indiferent to "对……冷淡,不关心"。(D) be subject to "受支配, 从属于, 可以...的, 常遭受...。subject tov.使服从, 使遭受。这是一组非常重要的词汇,2005年考研完型第13题,2004年考研完型第28题均考查到了这一词汇。题干中"but"连接两个并列谓语,这两个谓语部分意思内容必然相反,换言之,空格部位所填的词意思上应与上半部分的"trusting"或"considerate"相反,所以答案只能是(A)。其他三项都不符合上下文逻辑,应予排除。本句的含义是:爱斯基摩人也许是所有印第安人中最信任他人、最体贴他人的人,但他们对动物却毫不在乎。
25. The chairman of the board ________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.
[A] compelled     [B] posed         [C] pressed       [D] tempted
正确答案是(C)
题目分析: (A) compelled "强迫,迫使,强要",一般用作"compel sb. to do sth."。(B) posed " (使...)摆好姿势, 形成, 引起, 造成",作此解时,一般接"困难"、"难题"这类名词做宾语,如:Winter poses particular difficulties for the elderly. [C] pressed "press sth. on sb."是固定词语,意为"硬要某人接受某事",可见(C)应为正确答案。(D) tempted "诱惑, 引诱, 吸引, 使感兴趣, 考验, 试探"。本句的含义是:董事会主席硬让我接受那份难堪的差事:去辞退公司已经聘用不起的优秀工人。
26. It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _______.
[A] for long       [B] in and out      [C] once for all    [D] by nature
正确答案是(C)
题目分析: (A) for long "长久地"。(B) in and out "进进出出, 弯弯曲曲"。(C) once for all  "一劳永逸地,断然地, 坚决地",也可表示为once and for all。(D) by nature "天生,就其本性而言"。(C)符合上下文,为正确答案。本句的含义是:认为任何社会都能一劳永逸地解决所面临的全部问题是天真的。
27. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in ________ and lack of unity in style.
[A] conflict       [B] confrontation    [C] disturbance   [D] disharmony
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:本题同样考查考生借助于上下文逻辑判断做题的能力。首先, (A) conflict "抵触,冲突"。(B) confrontation "面对, 面对面, 对质"。(C) disturbance "骚动, 动乱, 打扰, 干扰, 骚乱, 搅动"。(D) disharmony "不协调;不和谐,不一致,不融洽",句子的主语部分说装饰组合截然不同,这自然会导致"不和谐";其次"result in "后面的宾语是and连接的一组并列成分,它们在意思上应相近或相同,显然,与"lack of unity"(缺乏一致)相近的也应是"不和谐",所以(D)是正确答案。本句的含义是:在毗连房间里使用截然不同的装饰组合会导致风格上不和谐、不一致。
28. The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once _________.
[A] thrived       [B] swelled         [C] prospered     [D] flourished
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:[A] thrived “兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛” 。[B] swelled “(使)膨胀, 增大” .[C] prospered    
“成功, 兴隆, 昌盛, (指上帝)使成功, 使昌隆, 繁荣”. [D] flourished” 繁荣, 茂盛, 活跃, 手舞足蹈, 兴旺”.除了(B)"膨胀,肿胀"之外,(A)、(C)、(D)都有"兴旺、繁荣"之意,其中(A)还有"茁壮成长"(grow or develop well and vigorously)之意,而(D)则有"生长茂盛"之意,一般指植物。由于空格前主语是"it"(响尾蛇),故(A)为最佳选择。本句的含义是:蒂姆博尔响尾蛇现在已列入濒临灭绝物种名单,并已在东部两个州灭绝,该响尾蛇曾经一度在此繁盛。
29. However, growth is the fabricated metals industry was able to __________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.
[A] overturn       [B] overtake       [C] offset        [D] oppress
正确答案是(C)
题目分析: (A) overturn " 推翻, 颠倒"。(B) overtake "赶上, 追上, (暴风雨、麻烦等)突然来袭, 压倒"。(C) offset "抵消,补偿"。(D) oppress "压迫;压制"。(C)符合上下文,为正确答案。本句的含义是:然而,金属合金工业的增长可以补偿钢铁工业衰落所带来的损失。
30. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _________.
[A] firm          [B] company       [C] corporation   [D] enterprise
正确答案是(B)
题目分析: (A) firm " 公司, (合伙)商号",(B) company "公司, 陪伴, (一)群, (一)队, (一)伙, 连, 连队",(C) corporation " [律]社团, 法人, 公司, 企业, <美>有限公司",(D) enterprise "企业, 事业, 计划, 事业心, 进取心, 干事业",好像本题考查词义辨析,但实际并非如此。题干中分号前主要强调收音机与人的密切性,为保证分号前后上下文逻辑一致,分号后也必须涉及这种密切性。四个选项中,唯一能确保上下文连贯的是(B)"陪伴"。可见,本题实际上是考查考生是否知道company一词的多层含义。本句的含义是:收音机可随身携带,所以它不是一个收听工具,还可以与人作伴。
31. When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the body immediately recognizes it as ___________.
[A] novel         [B] remote         [C] distant       [D] foreign
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) novel " 新的;新颖的;新奇的;独创的"。(B) remote "遥远的, 偏僻的, 细微的"。(C) distant "远的, 关系远的(亲戚), 疏远的, 间隔的, 冷漠的"。(D) foreign"外国的, 外交的, 外国产的, 外来的, [医]异质的, 不相关的"。(D)应为正确答案。本句的含义是:当人造器官移植到人体内,身体很快便能识别出它是异物。
32. My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I ________ at a garage sale.
[A] trifled with    [B]scraped through   [C] stumbled upon [D] thirsted for
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:本题考查动词短语知识。(A) trifled with "玩忽,嬉耍,视同儿戏"。(B) scraped through "勉强做成,勉强合格"。(C) stumbled upon "意外或偶然地发现"。(D) thirsted for"渴望,热望"。可见,(C)符合上下文,为正确答案。本句的含义是:我最喜爱的广播歌曲第一次是从一张1923年发行的爱迪生唱片上听到的,我在一次家庭旧货出售中偶然发现了这张唱片。
33. Some day software will translate both written and spoken language so well that the need for any common second language could _________.
[A] descend       [B] decline         [C] deteriorate    [D] depress
正确答案是(B)
题目分析: (A)" 下来, 下降, 遗传(指财产,气质,权利), 突击, 出其不意的拜访",指的是具体的向下移动,具体的动作行为,如:The balloon descended gradually as the air came out(空气外泄,气球缓缓下降)。故排除(A)。(B) decline "下降,减少, 衰退:衰落,尤指逐渐恶化的过程或结果"。(B)符合上下文,为正确答案。(C) deteriorate "恶化,变坏"。(D) depress "使沮丧, 使消沉, 压下, 压低, 使不活泼, 使萧条"。本句的含义是:有朝一日,某个软件能完美地翻译书面语和口语,以致于通用外语的必要性将降低。
34. Equipment not ________ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.
[A] conforming to  [B] consistent with   [C] predominant over [D] providing for
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:(A) conforming to "符合,遵守"。(B) consistent with "与……一致"。(C) predominant over "比……占优势"。(D) providing for "作准备, 供养, 规定"。(A)符合上下文,为正确答案。本句的含义是:不符合官方安全标准的设备都已从车间清除出去。
35. As an industry, biotechnology stands to ________ electronics in dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.
[A] contend      [B] contest       [C] rival        [D]strive
正确答案是(C)
题目分析:(A) contend "竞争,斗争;坚决主张"。(B) contest "争论, 争辩, 竞赛, 争夺"。(C) rival "竞争, 对抗, 相匹敌;比得上"。(D) strive "努力, 奋斗, 力争, 斗争"。可见(C)符合上下文,应为正确答案。本句的含义是:作为一个产业,生物技术到了2020年时,在经济价值上将可与电子产业抗衡,在社会影响上则可能会超过电子产业。
36. The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving ________ for the states and liberty for individuals.
[A] autonomy    [B] dignity       [C] monopoly    [D] stability
正确答案是(A)
题目分析:句中连词"while"意为"而",连接的是含有对比或相反内容的句子成分。 (A) autonomy "自治,自主"代入后,才能与前半部分的"有效的全国政府"形成对照,故(A)为正确答案。(B) dignity "端庄,尊贵"。(C) monopoly "垄断, 垄断者, 专利权, 专利事业"。(D) stability "稳定性"。本句的含义是:美国宪法的缔造者们试图建立一个有效的全国政府,同时又要保护各州的自治权及个人的自由权利。
37. For three-quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost ________ as microorganisms.
[A] precisely     [B] instantly      [C] initially      [D] exclusively
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) precisely "精确地,正好"。(B) instantly "立刻的"。(C) initially "起初地,最初"。(D) exclusively "独占地,排他地"。(D)符合上下文,为正确答案。本句的含义是:地球生命的进化过程中,有四分之三的时间几乎都是以微生物形式存在的。
38. The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow ________, particularly in Western Europe.
[A] obscure      [B] obsolete       [C] optional     [D] overlapping
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) obscure "暗的, 朦胧的, 模糊的, 晦涩的"。(B) obsolete "已废弃的,过时的,荒废的, 陈旧的"。(C) optional "可选择的, 随意的"。(D) overlapping"重叠的"。本句的含义是:火药的出现逐渐使弓箭显得过时,尤其在西欧。
39. Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just ________ and needs proving.
[A] spontaneous   [B] hypothetical   [C] intuitive     [D] empirical
正确答案是(B)
题目分析:(A) spontaneous "自然的;自发的; 自然产生的"。 (B) hypothetical "假说的,假定的",题干说,不管是谁的宇宙起源论都有待证明,这就说明空格所填的形容词应为(B)。 (C) intuitive "直觉的"。(D) empirical "完全根据经验的, 经验主义的"。本句的含义是:不管是谁创立的宇宙起源理论都只是假说,尚需证明。
40. The future of this company is  ________ : many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net-based businesses.
    [A] at odds       [B] in trouble      [C] in vain      [D] at stake
正确答案是(D)
题目分析:(A) at odds "争执,不一致",一般用作be at odds with表示"与…有争执"。(B) in trouble "处于不幸,处于困境, 在监禁中"。(C) in vain "徒劳的,白白的"。(D) at stake "在危险中,生死攸关的"。(D)符合上下文为正确答案。本句的含义是:这家公司的前景叵测,它的许多优秀人才正流失到更易赚钱的网络行业中去。
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